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This article will discuss research and evidence in support of a unitary memory store and in support of a dichotomous approach. A unitary store implies that a single system for short-term and long-term memory exists and that they occur along a continuum. They are able to interact and occur within each other, for example, long-term learning can occur within short-term memory tasks. A dichotomous approach views short-term and long-term memory stores as being separate components. They are independent of each other and, although they are able to share information, for example, short-term memories are transferred to long-term memory, they do not occur across a continuum. Studies by Arthur Melton (1963), Donald Hebb (1961, cited in Melton, A. 1963) and Ovid Tzeng (1973), described in this article, provide support in favour of the unitary memory store. Experimental evidence from Glanzer and Cunitz (1966, cited in Baddeley, 1997) and Glanzer (1972, cited in Baddeley, 1997) support the approach to separate stores of memory. Studies by Milner (1966, cited in Baddeley, 1997) and Shallice and Warrington (1970) of patients with amnesia due to brain damage have provided data that agrees with the suggestion that separate stores exist. Read more



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